Typically, geotextiles are classified as either woven or non-woven. Woven geotextiles are produced by interlacing synthetic threads in two directions on a loom. Non-woven geotextiles are produced in two distinct ways: with staple fibre – small fibers interlocked together, often by a needling process – or with continuous filament – long, continuous strands of synthetic threads that are put together and then needled to increase strength.

Woven geotextiles are mainly utilized for reinforcing purposes, whilst nonwoven geotextiles are frequently used for separation, drainage, filtration, and protection.